CNI News

15 Nov 2022

Division among Rakhine resistance groups bodes ill for the revolution, Vice Chairperson Daw Saw Mya Yazar Lin of the Arakan Liberation Army told the CNI.

Some fake Facebook accounts are currently spreading false news to create misconceptions among the public and there are differences among revolutionary groups with the same visions.

She told the CNI, "There are many groups of people who support them or us. What is inappropriate is that social media attacks are launched by many fake Facebook accounts to create not only misconceptions and distrusts among the public. Although we cannot pinpoint exactly who are behind the attacks, it is thought that the attacks are being launched by supporters of different revolutionary groups. There is division among different revolutionary groups. It does not bode will for the future. As the groups are fighting under different flags through different means, there are differences although they have the same vision. This may also cause differences among the supporters of different groups. It does not augur well for the nationalist revolution."

 A road junction in Rakhine State.

On 10th November, the ALP announcded that its central committee member Khaing Mya Thar was arrested by the United League of Arakan/Arakan Army on 7th November, 2022.

The ULA/AA denied the accusation and it was learnt that the central committee member was detained by other ALP members, Rakhine Politician U Pe Than told the CNI, adding that the public support for the revolution is not likely to be undermined although the two groups are opposing each other.

He said, "We are not worried about the situation. The ULA is able to controol the entire Rakhine State on the ground. Although the ALP was formed earlier, it does not have more than 100 members. On the other hand, the ULA has taken over many camps of the junta and build up their own military posts as well. It has routed military troops and controlled various areas. The ALP does not have a military post in the country and it is also engaging in peace talks with the junta without any opposition to and clashes with it. The ALP may return to the legal fold and enter parliamentary politics. It may become a border guard force or a reseve force. Although there are differences between the two oppsing groups, public support for the revolution is unlikely to be divided and the ULA has been able to win the hearts of the people. Public support and the situation on the ground is in ULA's favour. Public support cannot be divided."

A delegation led by Daw Saw Mya Yazar Lin in Maijaryan in July, 2016.

The ALP announced that 17 of its members had been detained by the ULA/AA.

The ULA/AA, the ALP and the Arakan Nation Council/Arakan Army are active in Rakhine State.

The ALP is a signatory to the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement while the ULA/AA and ANC/AA are still fighting against the junta.

CNI News

13 Nov 2022

As the United States has imposed sanctions on Myanmar, there is no good news for Myanmar economy even if the House of Representatives dominated by the Democrats is replaced by the Republicans, according to Myanmar politics and economy observers.

Mid-term elections were held in the US on 8th November and as Republicans led by former President Donald Trump are likely to gain ground at the House of Representatives, Ukrainians are worried about the potential losses of military assistance from the US while Myanmar expects the easing of economic sanctions.

Mid-terms elections are not likely to have an impact on Myanmar economy and leadership change in the US has impacts on Myanmar, a Myanmar economic observer told the CNI.

Myanmar nationals queuing for daily meals at charities in Myanmar due to the economic crisis.

He said, " I can't see any direct impact. Mid-term elections are not important for US policies. Some new governors will take office. This always happens every two or four years. There is no impact on Myanmar. If the leadership was to be changed, there would be impacts. No significant change will take place. We will have to wait until 2024 to see whether the Republicans win the presidency. If the Republicans win, they won't tighten sanctions against us. At present, the US is tightening sanctions against us phase by phase."

There were speculations that support for Ukraine might be reduced if the Republicans dominate the House of Representatives, which is likely to lead the war to negotiations and the oil and dollar markets are likely to be stable.

The US has imposed sanctions on Myanmar generals who ousted the civilian government, resulting in an economic crisis.

Workers returning after work to the other side of the Yangon River in Dala.

As a result, the prices of consumer products and medicine and fuel are skyrocketing while US$ exchange rates are soaring.

Therefore, the SAC is trying to ease the crisis by importing oil from Russia.

Political Observer U Ye Tun told the CNI, "The support for Ukraine may be reduced but sanctions on Myanmar will not be lifted. If more sanctions are imposed on Myanmar, the country will have to rely on Russia for fuel. They will have to think about a better channel to import fuel from Russia via India or China."

The current political situation depends largely on the domestic political landscape rather than on the international community. political observers and economists pointed out that the economy of Myanmar mainly rests on stability and proper economic policies.

CNI News

13 Nov 2022

Four Karen armed factions will reunify eventually in the future , Col Saw San Aung of the Democratic Karen Benevolent Army told the CNI.

If Karen armed factions reunify, the Karen people will be glad, he added.

He told the CNI, "We have yet to discuss the details but we are standing under the Karen National Flag in the near future. There will be no problems for armed factions of the same ethic group to reunify. The Karen people will be happy if all factions can reunify. As there are many factions, the people have to pay taxes at various gates of each group and taxes have been a burden for the public."

Col, Saw San Aung.(KNU)

He also added that it would take time for the four factions to reunify and the current political situation of the country was complicated and reunification was possible when the country was stable.

Led by the Karen National Union, leaders of Karen armed factions inclding the DKBA, the Karen National Union/Karen National Liberation Army/Peace Council and the Border Guard Force in Karen State met with the people and discussed a peace deal.

The meeting was attended by Vice Chairman Padoh Saw Kwe Htoo Win and Chief of Staff Gen Saw Johnny of the KNU, and Vice Chairperson Naw Kapaw Htoo from the KNU/KNLA/PC.

Leaders of Karen armed groups meet in Kyar Inn Village in Hlaingbwe Township, Karen State on 11th November, 2022.(KNU)

Col Saw San Aung said, "Karen armed factions have been cooperating since 2013 by forming a reunification committee. However, we did not announce it publicly.  As the committee was formed without convening a conference, there were weaknesses. At yesterday's meeting, we revealed the public that we had been working to that end since 2013. We also hold discussions to avoid bloodshed among our factions."

The four Karen armed factions are active in Karen State.

Among them, the KNU, the DKBA and the KNU/KNLA/PC are signatories to the NCA and BGF is under the command of the military.

CNI News

13 Nov 2022

SAC Chairman Snr Gen Min Aung Hlaing said it was important to exert efforts to hold the general election with the support of the majority of the people.

The general made the remark at the meeting 9/2022 of the SAC on 11th November, 2022.

He said, "It is vital that the upcoming general election is free and fair. Only when it is held properly with the support of the majority of the people in all constituencies, will the elected government be able to carry out its tasks successfully. We are exerting efforts to hold the general election to the best of our abilities."

A voter casts ballots.

He, then, pointed out the needs to hold elections in all constituencies in all states and regions and to elect ethnic representatives for the parliament. He also said that he had explained to EAOs that the  PR system would allow ethnic representatives to win seats at the parliament and that some of them had accepted the proposal.

The general added that, "Efforts are being made to hold a free and fair multi-party democracy general election in accordance with the 2008 constitution as scheduled and to transfer power to the winning in accordance with democratic norms."

He continued to say that elections were held in 325 townships in the first general election, in 323 townships in the second general election and 315 townships in the third general election.

The Karenni National Progressive Party.

The SAC announced that a general election would be held in August, 2023 and it would transfer power to the winning party.

The Karenni National Progressive Party  and the Chin state defence forces issued a statement urging political parties in Kayah and Chin state not to contest in the upcoming elections.

Similarly, Acting President Duwa Lashi La of the National Unity Government has also vowed to disrupt the elections to be held by the SAC.

Political parties in the country  are also questioning the general election to be held by the SAC.

CNI News

12 Nov 2022

The ASEAN special envoy's visit to Myanmar could not be able to resolve the current crisis in Myanmar, Political Analyst U Ye Tun told the CNI.

ASEAN's special envoy to Myanmar Prak Sokhonn is planning to visit Myanmar in November.

Daw Aung San Suu Kyi at a court.

U Ye Tun said, " Even if the special envoy was allowed to meet with Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, what would they talk about? Nothing significant will emerge from their talks

He told the CNI , " The special envoy would be able to meet Daw Aung San Suu Kyi but what would they discuss .It would be difficult for Daw Aung San Suu Kyi to give her opinion because she has not known the political situation in Myanmar. So, we cannot hope much from their meeting. It would be just a beginning.So, we cannot hope much from the meeting."

On 10th November, ASEAN leaders agreed to review the implementation of the five-point consensus of the organization and the current situation in Myanmar.

The ASEAN is toothless about resolving the crisis in Myanmar, Chairman U Thar Tun Hla of the ANP told the CNI.

Democracy protests. (Frontier Myanmar)

He said, " It has been about two years since the five-point consensus of the ASEAN has been adopted. Nothing has been implemented. They will have to decide whether they will just deliver humanitarian aid or further implement the five-point consensus. It is impossible to implement the consensus at present."

During his visit to Myanmar in July 202, the ASEAN special envoy met with the SAC chairman, the foreign minister and members of the PPST but was not allowed to meet Daw Aung San Suu Kyi.

The SAC promised the special envoy to meet Daw Aung Sun Suu Kyi during the upcoming visit of the special envoy;

CNI News

12 Nov 2022

As Thailand has tightened security at home and abroad, Myanmar nationals who visit Thailand by air are required to submit all official documents to Thai authorities, labour activists for Myanmar workers told the CNI.

Thai authorities have tightened the security as they are hosting the 9th APEC summit and further security measures are likely to be imposed, according to them.

Thai Royal Police. (Bangkok Post)

Ko Thar Gyi, who has been offering help to Myanmar migrant workers, told the CNI, "Although it is true that Thai authorities have tightened the security for the summit, they have always been searching for illegal migrants. Currently, they are targeting Myanmar nationals. When Myanmar national visit Thailand with tourist visas, they target Myanmar nationals by checking whether they have required show money, have booked hotel rooms, and so on. I think Thai authorities are doing so under a certain agreement between them under a new policy. Some migrants abandoned their official documents and stay here. So, Thai authorities check everything from show money to hotel bookings. Some Myanmar visitors come to Thailand with only one thousand Baht. So, such people face problems"

In recent days, some Myanmar nationals visiting Thailand could submit show money and round trip tickets to Thailand, but they were denied entry as they had not booked hotel rooms in advance.

Later, the Myanmar Embassy in Thailand issued a statement on 10th November, saying that Myanmar nationals visiting Thailand are required to submit show money, tickets for round trips and evidence for hotel bookings or accommodation to stay.

The police inspect tourists at an airport.

Myanmar individuals are required to submit US$ worth 10,000 Baht while each family is required to show 20,000 US$.

Some airport authorities, in cooperation with agents, asked for bribe from Myanmar nationals who cannot provide sufficient documents, Labour Activist U Min Oo of the FED told the CNI.

He said, "As far as we know, they could not communicate in Thai language and authorities promised to let them go if someone guaranteed for them. However, at late night, they were ransomed for as much as Baht 10,000 for their release.However, it is important that we need to submit all the required documents including the return tickets, hotel bookings and addresses because Thailand is hosting the APEC summit. So, they are tightening the security not only at borders but also at airports."

Although security has been tightened, some migrants were not arrested when they met with empathetic officers and unfortunate ones were deported to Myanmar.

Thai authorities are tightening the security at its airports but they are scrutinizing Myanmar nationals more than others.

CNI News

12 Nov 2022

The contract farming system should be implemented effectively in cooperation with farmers, peasant unions and activists told the CNI.

Although the contract farming system is being implemented in Ayeyarwady Region at the moment, lack of proper approach has posed difficulties for farmers, according to peasants in the region.

The current contract farming system amounts to forcing farmers to sell their crops to companies that provided seeds and fertilizers, Chairman U Thein Aung of Farmers' Development Association told the CNI.

  A farmer plowing in the Bagan area.

He said, "Contract farming calls for proper implementation. The so-called contract farming in our country is just a semi-contract farming system. Acutally, contract farming means inputs and services including ploughing must be provided by the company, according to the international procedure. However, our farmers had to plough the land and as a result, they had to pay for fuel and labour costs by themselves. The so-called contract farming system is just that they will sell fertilizers and seeds to farmers, who will have to sell their crops to the companies."

Under the contract farming system applied in the international community, companies are required to provide fertilizers, seeds, fuel, labour costs, threshing and marketing activities, according to farmers.

Myanmar Rice Conference in progress in 2022.

Therefore, it is necessary for the government to adopt policies on contract farming and construct buildings to store grains and export them for companies, according to U Thein Aung.

The contract farming is mainly implemented in Ayeyarwady Region and it is being implemented on only a few acres of land in other states and regions.

Currently, farmers have seen their capital investments dwindle and hope for a proper contract farming system that can provide technologies, investments and guarantees, Chairman U Kyaw Zan of All-Rakhine State Peasants Union told the CNI.

A farmer carrying seedlings.

He said, "We promote contract farming. However, as the system is being implemented by people from the mainland, local residents are worried about it. Companies that engage in contract farming are required to provide technologies, investments and guarantees. Farmers are in a position to welcome them if the companies promise to provide them with such needs."

At present, the cultivating acreage of rice paddy is falling while the per-acre-yields are dropping because of the higher costs of fertilizers, according to farmers, who also call on the authorities to allow them to buy inputs through the BNPL system.

CNI News

11 Nov 2022

As Myanmar has signed an MOU to export fishery products to Russia through the G-to-G system, the country is eyeing to mainly export Panamei white shrimp to Russia, Vice Chairperson Daw Toe Nandar Tin of the Myanmar Fisheries Federation told the CNI.

Russia has offered to import Panamei white shrimp from Myanmar, according to Daw Toe Nandar Tin.

She said, “It is a species of saltwater white shrimp known as Panamei. They have fish for such seafoods but they cannot raise the white shrimp because it is too cold in their country. I visited the country to study the market. So, I told them that we can export the shrimp to them. So, we will be able to mainly export the shrimp to them because we always breed white shrimp and export them for a long time. If they can accept the protocol we propose, we can export the shrimp at once. It only depends on the buyer from their side and seller from our side. We just need to negotiate the production and demand.”

Natural white shrimp in Myeik.

Although the two governments have signed an MOU to trade through the G-to-G system, there remain many issues including the currencies to be used in trading between them.

Panamei white shrimp is a major product of the Myeik Archipelago and shrimp-breeding in the area can be expanded, Secretary U Thet Soe of the Tanintharyi Region Fisheries Federation told the CNI.

“If we can penetrate into their market, shrimp breeding farmers will be able to expand their business and job opportunities will be created for local people. The government will get more revenue. It will be the first time Myanmar penetrates into the Russian seafood market on a trial basis. China imports the white shrimp through the G-to-G system. If we can export the shrimp to China directly, we will get more income. We can get higher prices. Now, we are exporting the shrimp through brokers and cannot get as higher prices as we want. The Chinese Commercial Counsellor will come to Myeik tomorrow for negotiations to export the shrimp from Myanmar to China directly. Chinese experts will also visit Myeik to scrutinize the GACC. If they approve, we will be able to export white shrimp to China directly. The Chinese market is a huge market.”

Currently, Panamei white shrimp fetch as much as US$ 6,000 per ton in China.

 Kyunsu shrimp breeding farm.

Panamei white shrimp are bred in more than 2,000 acres of land in Tanintharyi Region and plans are underway to expand the white shrimp breeding on 60,000 acres of land in Dawei, Myeik, Bokepyin and Kawthaung districts.

If standards are met in breeding, Panamei white shrimp can be exported to Thailand certainly, Daw Toe Nandar Tin Told the CNI.

“She said, “We have already approved the deal and the protocol. We have shrimp-breeding ponds and processing factories. If they approve the protocol, we can export the shrimp immediately. As the protocol is being used in exporting the shrimp to China, Russia can also approve it. Such systems are in place in our country. In the past, the EU inspected our farms and processing factories and issued approvals. If our farms and processing factories meet their standards, we can export our shrimp to other countries.”

Currently, Myanmar is exporting fishery products to more than 40 countries including the EU and earned US$ 407 million in 2022-23 fiscal year, according to the Ministry of Commerce

CNI News

11 Nov 2022

The demand for rubber in the domestic market has grown recently, increasing the prices, according to plantation owners and entrepreneurs.

In recent days, the prices of rubber have risen to MMK 1,330 per Lb, Ma Ei, a rubber grower in Dawei Township in Tanintharyi Region, told the CNI.

She said, “Rubber prices have increased a little during recent days because of the growing demand. When the market opened this week, the prices rose from MMK 1,250 to 1,330 gradually. At this time of the year, we can collect a large volume of latex. So, the prices do not normally rise during this season. However, rubber prices are fluctuating wildly this year. Last week, rubber prices fell dramatically and we could not get profit due to higher production costs. So, we just stored our rubber. Now, we are selling our stocks as the prices have increased,”

 Drying raw rubber. (WWF)

Rubber prices in Myanmar change based on prices in the international rubber market and US$ exchange rates in the market, according to rubber entrepreneurs.

The current growing demand for rubber was attributed to entrepreneurs and merchants who store rubber.

However, some rubber merchants are trying to purchase rubber from growers at lower prices due to higher labour and processing costs resulting from skyrocketing fuel prices, U Phone Myint, a rubber entrepreneur from Paung Township in Mon State, told the CNI.

He said, “ Compared with the previous year, the prices have risen by MMK 200 per Lb. However, labour and fuel costs have risen significantly. So, buyers were forced to purchase rubber from plantation owners at lower prices. They set the purchasing prices at MMK 1,100 per Lb to save MMK 200 for them.

 Transporting rubber raw materials. (WWF)

As the cultivation of rubber has increased this year, rubber exports are likely to rise, Secretary U Myint Khaing of the Myanmar Rubber Planters and Producers Association told the CNI.

He said, “It is difficult to predict exactly due to frequent changes of policies. However, rubber yields have increased due to newly matured plantations. I think rubber exports will grow significantly. Our country has 850,000 acres of rubber plantations we have already collected latex. Now, there are another 850,000 acres of rubber plantations we can start collecting latex. So, the yields will be higher thanks to newly matured plantations."

Rubber trees are mainly grown in Mon State, Tanintharyi Region and Shan State in Myanmar.

Myanmar grows rubber trees on 1.6 million acres of land and latex has already been collected from about 850,000 acres.