CNI News
2 July 2023

There are some discussions among political communities about which social classes are affacted by American sanctions on two state-owned banks, Myanmar Fireign Trade Bank (MFTB) and Myanmar Investment and Commercial Bank (MICB).

The sanctions may impact on the people so much and but not much on the Tatmadaw because it has strongly established its institution, said Dr.Aye Maung, chairman of Arakan Front Party (AFP) to CNI News.

"The sanctions affact the people more than the State Administration Council (SAC). SAC will follow the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) and the State Peace and Development Council. The time of U Ne Win is different from that of U Than Shwe. U Ne Win led. After their times, as you know, civil war has been long for many reasons. I wonder the civil war has been created to be long or they aren't able to finish the civil war. The Tatmadaw has built everything that it needs. In other words, it has built its institution in a large scale after SLORC. SPDC start openning military engineering university and military medical university. Outstanding students were sent to abroad especially to Russia and China.and building Myanmar Economic Holdings" he said.

The Tatmadaw created Myanmar Economic Holding Ltd and other businesses since before, he said.

the Myanmar Tatmadaw

USA released a statement that it has imposed sanctions on Myanmar's ministry of defense including MFTB and MICB on 21st June 2023. Soon after that, In the local currency market, one dollar rose to 3,800 kyats.American sanctions affect not only the two banks but also the entire people, said U Thiha Paing, Myanmar Economy analyst to CNI.

When the sanctions are imposed, exact targets should be designated. Because the foreign currency has been controlled, it is affecting the whole country. But there might be some exits, he added.

Because the two state-owned banks have been sanctioned, the Tatmadaw's arms perchasing channels might be affected, said some people. On the other hand, the Tatmadaw had been internationally sanctioned in the past and it might have some exits, said some people in the political community.  

CNI News
2 July 2023

If everything necessary was imported without exporting anything, the need of foreign currency would increase, said Sn.Gen Min Aung Hlaing, chairman of the State Administration Council during the national economic promotion meeting that was held on 30th June 2023.

Although Myanmar has a good basis for domestic production, because the production was not encouraged, a lot of products are imported. For example, millions of dollars are being spent on dairy products, papers, bicycle and motorcycle tires which were produced in local in the past. But because the production was not encouraged, the factories had to stop, he said.

The GDP will increase in the agricultural sector and the industrial sector by increasing paper manufacturing industry, dairy production industry; rubber-based industries and cotton textile manufacturing industry, he added.

" When the State Administration Council has taken the responsibilities of the State, international sanctions have imposed. Various sanctions have imposed so as not to enable us to spend foreign currencies that we have already had and not to enable us to gain the foreign currencies earned from exporting products.    

If everything necessary is imported without having any exports,the need of foreign currencies will increase. So, manufacturing industries are responsible to manufacture products as able as they can." he said.

Then, he said that to spend frugally and systematically in order to avoid waste was needed and only when austerity could be conducted in detail, local budget deficits and foreign currency deficits could be reduced.

So, rather than purchasing products from abroad, Myanmmar people need to purchase and use local products State and regional governments needed to promote regional production to meet the regional consumption and then to meet domestic consumption and then to export.

The most reliable industries for domestic production are agricultural and livestock industries which must be promoted without failure by the states and regions, said Sn.Gen Min Aung Hlaing.

After that, paper, rubber, dairy products and cotton textile should be produced in local as able as the people concerned can to replace imports, said chairman of SAC.

CNI News

1 July 2023

NCA signatory EAOs currently discussing with SAC could not discuss on behalf of PPST( Peace Process Steering Team) anymore, said Col. Saw Kyaw Nyunt, spokesperson of PPST to CNI. 

The processes of Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) have stopped since the Tatmadaw took power on the first of February, 2021, he said.

"That we are now discussing is not to implement the processes of NCA. And we were never able to go to discuss because we were invited on behalf of PPST. We just were able to go as seven groups of NCA-S EAOs or five groups of NCA-s EAOs that we call." Col. Saw Kyaw Nyunt.

Delegates from seven NCA signatory groups of PPST and ones from NSPNC

The discussions between five groups of PPST and SAC's peace committee were held from 26th to 28th June in Naypyidaw. Col.Khun Okka told at the discussion that they were discussing for the policy of the ten groups of PPST.

In the past, PPST contained 10 NCA signatory EAOs and they were the Restoration Council of Shan State (RCSS), Karen National Union(KNU), Pa-O National Liberation Organization (PNLO), Democratic Karen Benevolent Army (DKBA), KNU/KNLA Peace Council, Chin National Front (CNF), Arakan Liberation Party (ALP), All Burma Students Democratic Front (ABSDF), New Mon State Party (NMSP) and Lahu Democratic Union.

But KNU, RCSS, ABSDF and CNF reduced their levels of participation after the Tatmadaw took power. After that, NMSP reduces its participation level in May 2022 reportedly. The processes of NCA cannot be implemented at present and the organization of PPST is variously viewed, said Col.Saw Kyaw Nyunt.

Five NCA signatories that attended the discussion with NSPNC on 26th June 2023

" Seven groups will fully take part in PPST and the rest three groups - KNU, CNF and RCSS will still be as joint groups since April 2022 that we agreed." he said.

Currently, KNU, CNF and ABSDF that signed at CNA are actively fighting against the Tatmadaw.

CNI News

1 July 2023

Foreigner overstayers including Myanmar citizens in Malaysia have not yet been allowed to return home officially, which the people helping Myanmar citizens in Malaysia told CNI News.

Although Malaysia allowed overstayers to return home officially before the Covid period, because official repatriation has been closed since the Covid-19 period, overstayers are finding it difficult to go home, said Ko Thet, chairman of Lovely Heart Philantropic Myanmar Youth Blood Donor Group to CNI News.

people who are repatriated

"Those who can't walk and the people with broken backs want to go back to Myanmar, but they can't. Malaysian immigration department has blocked their return. Myanmar Embassy there, sometimes, help the patients. Even when you go to the Myanmar Embassy, you will be inspected so much that I've heard. That's why it's very difficult. There are about five patients whom we have taken care of. Some pregnant women don't want to give birth here. The patients can't go home as well. Even if they give money, they can't go back.Myanmar Embassy has not taken any action. Malaysia has blocked any foreigner overstayers" he said.

If they get medical treatment in Malaysia, it will cost them a lot of money, Myanmar citizens want to go back home and receive health treatment. But because they have not been allowed to return home officially up to now, most of overstayers go back home through unofficial routes and are arrested on purpose and are punished after which they are sent back to their countries reportedly.

Many overstayers who went back home through unofficial routes were arrested, said U Nyi Nyi Lwin, Director General of Center for Arakan Refugees to CNI.

people who are to be repatriated are being brought

"Especially many pregnant women went back when they were three to five months pregnant. They were arrested on the way back home especially on the Malaysian border. And unhealthy persons have to get the recommendations from physicians and the documents from their embassies. Afer that, they have to submit the documents to the immigration department.It costs a lot. It costs a person about 6 to 7 thousand ringgits. Those who want to go home go home by unofficial routes, giving money. It costs them a great deal of money. They earn about 1,500 each a month. They can only save about five hundreds a month. They have to send the money to their family in their country as well. When they go back home, they have to spend about seven thousand which means they will have to save money for a year if they want to go home. It shouldn't cost them a lot like that" he said.    

Some of the people who want to go home because of bad health cannot afford even if they go back through unofficial routes reportedly.

So, Myanmar Embassy should co-ordinate and negotiate with the Malaysian government for the legal repatriation of overstayers , said the people helping Myanmar citizens in Malaysia.  

CNI News

1 July 2023

U Zaw Zaw, a well-known businessman and U Maung Weik, owner of Sae Paing construction company made cash donations for bulding the Mara Vijaya Buddha Image reportedly.

The ceremony of clarifying the conditions relating to the completion of the Mara Vijaya Buddha Image that would be the largest and highest carved marble sitting Buddha Image among carved marble sitting Buddha images in the world was held on 29th June 2023.

Over 100 businesspeople including U Zaw Zaw and U Maung Weik attended the ceremony and made cash donations.The total donation of 101 donors was 16177 million kyats (16.177 billion kyats) reportedly.

 Maung Weik was making a cash donation for the Mara Vijaya Buddha Image on 29th June 2023.

Maung Weik was arrested soon after the Tatmadaw toppled down the NLD government led by Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, having said that NLD tried to form a government without solving the ballot dispute in the 2020 general election.

Maung Weik was arrested on charges that he bribed DASSK and Dr.Zaw Myint Maung and was released in June 2023.

U Zaw Zaw who had disappeared from public view since the Tatmadaw took power first came out in public while he was visiting Suwanna football stadium with Sr.Gen Min Aung Hlaing, chairman of the SAC. After that, he showed up in public again at the ceremony on 29th June 2023.

CNI News
29 June 2023

Their five groups are discussing for the collective policy or contents laid down by the Peace Process Steering Team (PPST) that was formed with 10 NCA signatories, said Col. Khun Okka.

Among the PPST members, Karen National Union(KNU), Restoration Council of Shan State (RCSS), Chin National Front (CNF), All Burma Students Democratic Front (ABSDF) and New Mon State Party resigned from membership and reduced the level of their participation.

Other members of PPST - Pa-O National Liberation Organization (PNLO), Arakan Liberation Party (ALP), Lahu Democratic Union (LDU), Democratic Karen Buddhist Army (DKBA) and KNU/KNLA Peace Council, formed D5PM ( Delegation 5 PPST's Members) and they are discussing for peace with the SAC's peace committee in Naypyidaw from 26th to 28th June.

2023 On May 17, while meeting the representatives of 7 PPST groups

"When the PPST was formed, 10 NCA signatories joined the team. Peace processes were implemented step by step. After political changes took place in february 2021,  some members of PPST reduced their member status. So, seven members of PPST took part in peace talks since 2022 as each group and as three in one group.But today for many reasons, as our five groups only, we have taken part in discussion, maintaining collective discussion policy" said Col.Khun Okka, leader of 5 group delegation on 26th June.

They were presenting and discussing for the collective policy laid down by 10 members of PPST and not the policy of their five groups, said Col.Khun Okka.

2023 In March, when representatives of 7 groups of NSPNC and PPST met

They would report the results from peace talks with National Solidarity and Peace Negotiation Committee (NSPNC) including ones from the discussion between the delegates of five groups and NSPNC and ones from the discussion between each group and NSPNC from 26th to 28th June, to five rest members that were included in the PPST when it was formed, he said.

The delegates from five members of PPST and NSPNC had discussion about the points to be amended from the Constitution (2008), matters relating to implementation
of the points agreed in previous talks, holding a peace conference, regional stability and anti-drug were discussed and negotiated.

CNI News

28 June 2023

Thai authorities are mainly collecting money from Myanmar citizens rather than other foreigners,said those who are helping in the affairs of Myanmar migrant workers. 
Although Thai authorities had collected money from Myanmar citizens in the past, collecting money has increased now because Myanmar citizens always give them whenever they ask, the people helping migrants and migrants said to CNI.

As Myanmar citizens, if they stay and work in accord with the Thai laws, they don't have to give money, but because the number of Myanmar citizens without legal documents has increased lately, they have become a workplace for Thai authorities, said Ko Moe Lay who is working in Thailand to CNI.

a street bar in Thailand

" Mainly it's very difficult for migrants who illegally entered. They are collected, for example, 500 Baht each by Thai authorities with understanding but unofficially. And those who are selling goods or self-employed persons have to pay the Thai police." he said.

Myanmar migrant workers without legal documents need to pay 300 to 500 Baht to the Thai authorities concerned so as not to be arrested reportedly. Myanmar self-employed migrants, most of them with legal documents, street vendors, small restaurant owners and so on have to pay money to the Thai authorities depending on the business.

Because Myanmar citizens outnumber other citizens, Myanmar citizens are reportedly suffering from the corruption of Thai authorities most. Moreover,when Myanmar citizens are arrested or experience other situations, the solution by paying money should be reduced, said the people helping migrant workers.

Departmental officials from the two countries are responsible for decreasing collecting money from Myanmar citizens, they pointed out.

street vendors being arrested

"To get rid of these actions, the situations of the countries where migrant workers came from need to be stable and peaceful. The people and the government must be one and the same. There must be lots of job opportunities. The government of Thailand, the host country, must have the power to put down the corruption effectively so that its civil servants will abide by the law. Only when the countries concerned have peace and stability, democracy,just and fair, respect for the law,,these bad habits will die out." said U Aung Kyaw from Labour Right Foundation (LRF).

There are several million migrant workers in Thailand, including about two million legal Myanmar migrant workers and about 700, 000 illegal Myanmar migrant workers. Currently, Thai authorities are seeking and arresting illegal migrants and Foreign migrant workers who are selling goods are also arrested by the plan, said in the Thai news reports.

CNI News

28 June 2023

There are some debates whether the current political problem will be solved if a political dialogue is held between SAC and Daw Aung San Suu Kyi. 
The beginning of road to solution could not be found without a political dialogue with DASSK, said in a statement released by NLD's Central Working Committee on the birthday of DASSK which fell on 19th June 2023.

It was difficult for him to say whether there would be a political dialogue between SAC and DASSK and to know DASSK's attitude in relation to spring revolution was needed, said U Myo Kyaw, spokesperson of UNA, to CNI.

people protesting against the Tatmadaw

" It's hard to say.How similar are the current processes to Daw Su's attitude? It is food for thought.To tell you frankly,as a leader, she was able to do a lot of good things including things that should be modelled. But now she's a very old woman. I want to leave her as an exemplary leader. Because how much healthy is she as a very old woman? How much effort can she take? How far can her decisions be correct? A very old person has a lot of aging symptons. I'm worried for these things" he said.

SAC can do everything that makes them take advantage, he added. Some international organizations are demanding SAC to release political prisoners including DASSK.

The political crisis could not be overcome by just discussing between SAC and DASSK. And he did not think that SAC would not discuss as well, said Dr.Aye Maung, chairman of Arakan Front Party (AFP) to CNI.

"I think that SAC doesn't take DASSK's role.into account any more.NLD also said that there were not any political prisoners. There were only criminal prisoners under its government. SAC also doesn't regard her as a political prisoner. She was charged with crimes like corruptions, violation of State Secret Act and so on. That's why whether DASSK will participate or not isn't important anymore, I think. SAC has held the 2008 constitution to solve Myanmar political problem.They announced a state of emergency according to the constitution and has taken power.They are trying for peace and stability. If there is no stability, we must ask them why." he said.

 people demanding democracy in 2021

The Tatmadaw toppled down the NLD government led by DASSK on 1st February, 2021 after saying that NLD tried to form a government without solving the ballot dispute in
the 2020 general election after which demonstrations against the Tatmadaw and armed conflicts arose all over the country.

Due to armed conflicts and political crises, economy, social, health, education and other sectors in the country are deteriorating.  

CNI News

28 June 2023

The National Solidarity and Peace Negotiation Committee and leaders from the five NCA signatories are discussing to amend the constitution and hold the peace conference.The discussion was held at the office of National Solidarity and Peace-making Committee (NSPC) in Naypyidaw on 26th June. 

Points to be amended from the Constitution (2008), matters relating to implementation of the points agreed in previous talks, holding a peace conference, regional stability and anti-drug were discussed and negotiated.

The discussion will continue on the 27th and 28th reportedly. 

The discussion with NSPNC was attended by Col.Khun Okka, the leading patron of Pa-O National Liberation Organization, Col.Saw Sein Win, Commander in Chief of DKBA, Dr Naw Kapaw Htoo, Vice Chairperson of  Karen National Liberation Army (Peace Council), U Kyar Phu, vice chairman of Lahu Democratic Union (LDU) and Daw Saw Mya Yarzar Lin, chairperson of Arakan Liberation Party( ALP). 

And those who attended from NSPNC are Lt.Gen Yar Pyae, leader of peace talks, Lt.Gen Moe Myint Tun, member of SAC, Lt.Gen Win Bo Shein, secretary of NSPNC and members of negotiation committee.