CNI New

27 Jan 2023

The divesting of a Norway fund from a Chinese company and an Indian firm that are selling weapons will have no impact on Myanmar, Director U Thein Tun Oo of the Strategic Studies told the CNI.

The move does not have any impact on relations between the neighbouring countries.

Modi and Xi.

U Thein Tun Oo said, " As the political situation of the world has changed, ties between Asian countries, especially which have common interests, have been stronger. Norway has not been able to have an influence on a country like ours, Norway has no influence on big powers like India and China. There is no significant impacts on ties between neighbouring countries like Myanmar, China and India.

Shares from the Chinese and Indian companies that sell weapons to Myanmar would be divested by the Norway Fund, the Norway Central Bank announced.

Breaking economic ties with the companies supporting the military is to be welcomed but the military will not reverse its course, Rakhine Politician U Pe Than told the CNI.

Weapons of the junta.

U Pe Than said, "Breaking ties with companies that support the junta is to be welcomed but the junta will not reverse its course in its own interests. However, it is still difficult for the junta to control the country. It is still difficult to predict whether they will listen to public voice or serve their own interests because it depends on their own decisions.

Norway said the selling weapons to Myanmar by the India and Chinese companies is very dangerous and violates international laws.

Currently, fighting has erupted between the junta and various ethnic armed groups including EAOs and PDFs in Karen State, Kayah (Karenni State), Chin State, Sagaing Region and Magway Region.

CNI News

26 Jan 2023

Although the Directorate of Investment and Company Administration announced that it would no longer allow nominal directors and shareholders in companies, they will not vanish, according to economists.

As people who act as nominal directors conduct company operations in terms of finance and responsibility, it is difficult to scrutinize them, Economic Observer U Thet Zaw told the CNI.

He said, "Authorities issued rules and regulations to prevent scapegoating. If there is a problem in a company, nominal directors will be scapegoats. There are disadvantages caused by nominal directors depending on their involvement. People are taking shortcuts without complying with rules and regulations. However, it is difficult to distinguish between real directors and nominal ones because no one will admit they are nominal directors. Some people act as nominee directors because they get money for doing so while others act as nominal directors because they are responsible to do so. It is difficult to expose them.

A garment factory.

The DICA announced on 17th January that Chapter 18 of the Myanmar Companies Law stipulates regarding the rights and responsibilities of directors, officials and those who direct corporate affairs are considered directors even if the position of the director is not appointed. Additionally, the appointment of alternate directors is allowed under the existing law. Appointing nominal directors is not officially approved.

Prohibition of nominal directors and shareholders will prevent tax evasions and money laundering, according to an economic observer, who requested not to be named.

He told the CNI, "There will be fewer cases of tax evasions and money laundering. However, it is not a regulation in favour of companies but a regulation to protect the government."

 A scene in Yangon.

Companies that hold 35 percent of foreign shares are considered as local companies and those with more than 35 percent of foreign shares are regarded as companies owned by foreigners. However, some foreigners are acting as nominal directors as they want to take more than 35 percent of their company shares, according to entrepreneurs, who think that nominal directors have been banned to protect the rights of citizens.

However, the DICA would need to cooperate with other government departments to take action against nominal directors and just issuing statements will not work, according to economic observers.

CNI News

26 Jan 2023

As armed clashes and explosions frequently rock the Myawady Road, authorities are holding discussions with the Thai ambassador to send workers to Thailand under the MOU between the two countries by air, Permanent Secretary U Nyunt Win of the Ministry of Labour told the CNI.

Currently, MOU workers are sent to Thailand via the Myawady-Mae Sot road and Kawthaung-Ranong road and the former is the most common road to send workers.

 Yangon International Airport

As the Myawady-Mae Sot road, however, is frequently hit by armed clashes and explosions, authorities are discussing a plan to send the workers by air and Thai authorities have agreed to the plan in principle, U Nyunt Win told the CNI.

He said, "The main issue is that the Myawady land route is frequently in trouble. However, we are still discussing the details like the airlines to be operated, passengers for return trips, landing aircrafts at the Don Mueang airport without using the Suvarnabhumi airport. As we use Don Mueang airport, it is difficult to get passengers for the return trips and workers are likely to pay for return trips of aircraft. We will also have to discuss fares with airlines. If costs are not too high, employers are ready to accept the plan because it takes only one hour to fly from Yangon to Bangkok and workers will be able to start their work quickly. We still need to discuss immigration issues as well as fares for the two-trip.

If both sides reach agreement, MOU workers can be sent to Thailand by air anytime whether the land route is hit by armed clashes and explosions.

A gas tanker truck comes under attack on the Myawady-Mae Sot road

Therefore, measures will be taken to send workers to Thailand from the Myawady-Mae Sot road, Kawthaung-Ranong road and by air.

Although workers are sent by air for security reasons, workers will incur higher agency fees than the current rates, Labour Activist U Min Oo of the Foundation for Education and Development told the CNI.

He pointed out that workers should be sent to Thailand via Kawthaung-Ranong road, which is safer than the Myawady-Mae Sot road.

U Min Oo said, "There are limits in transporting workers by air and many other factors to be considered. For example, there are issues related to documents like work permits and others including vaccine certificates and insurance. Thailand has adopted different policies on foreigners from different countries. It is certain that agency fees will increase. Another factor is that aircraft cannot have a large number of workers aboard one flight. It is difficult to send enough workers to meet the demand by air. Authorities can send a large number of workers via the Kawthaung-Ranong road and they should choose the route. If they send workers by air, they will need a large number of flights."

An explosion in Myawady

Sending MOU workers to Thailand was suspended due to COVID-19 and the program was resumed in May 2022.

However, the Asia Highway from Myawady to Mae Sot, the major route to send workers to Thailand, is frequently hit by armed conflicts and explosions and the program is often suspended.

CNI News

26 Jan 2023

Shanni people should have their own state, Central Counil Member of the Shanni Nationalities Council Say Wun Pha told the CNI.

He said they would demand their lost rights to the current government.

He said, "The aim of forming the SNNC is not only to establish Shanni State or Shanni Self-administered Division. Ours is an organization that will implement projects that will bring development and common goals for the entire Shanni people. We will demand our lost rights and statehood to the current government and then submit our demands to the new union parliament depending on whether the current government agrees to our plans or not. In doing so, we are cooperating with working committees comprising representatives of respective regions."

Shanni sword dance.

Under section 6 of the 1947 constitution, Shanni territories such as Myitkyina, Mohnyin and Bhamaw districts were included in Kachin State despite the rejection from the Shanni people.

Similarly, the remaining Shanni territories like Kalay, Hkamti, Mawlike, Ktathar and Tamu districts were included in Sagaing Region under the 1974 constitution, according to Shanni people.

Shanni people have their own right to form their state but will not be allowed to change geogrophical positions without the consent of Kachin people, Kachin Politician U Kwan Gaung Aung Hkam told the CNI.

He said, "Not only Shanni people but also other ethnic groups are entitled to demand statehood at complete freedom. However, I said at the 2016 peace conference of the Kachin State that I would not accept the changing of the name and geographical positions of the areas without the consent of the Kachin people. I have the same point of view now. Everything must be in accordance with the will of the Kachin people."

The flag of the Shanni people.

Patron U Shwe Min of the Lisu National Development Party told the CNI that he would not support the 8-state solution and Shanni people were demanding their legitimized rights.

He said, "We need to look at the current situation on the ground and review the history, how states emerged and which ethnic groups mainly reside in certain regions. As their areas where their forefathers resided for aeons were designated as territories of other states, we understand how they are suffering. I don't have any other comments on the development of the Shanni people. The emergence of the Shanni State should be stated in the new constitution."

The Shanni people mainly reside in the upper Sagaing Region and Kachin State and as they have the same language and culture, it will not be difficult to unify them, Say Wun Pha said.

Troops of Shanni National Army.

He said, "Our people resided and established city states in the wide areas even before the emergence of Kachin State and Sagaing Region. We are siblings. Although we are included in different regions and states. However, we share the same tradition, language, culture and values. In other words, we have the common desire for self-determination. So, I have never thought of difficultes for establishing our state."

About 1 million Shanni people live in Kachin State and Sagaing Region and they have officially demanded statehood at the 21st Century Panglong Conference.

Shanni National Army is trying to establish Shanni State made up of Mawlike, Kalay, Hkamti, Katha and Tamu districts in Sagaing Regions and  Bhamaw, Myitkyina, Mohnyin and Mokaung districts in Kachin State.

CNI News

25 Jan 2023

Since dates have been announced for application of work permits in Malaysia, the number of arrests against illegal migrants has decreased, according to Myanmar nationals living in Malaysia told the CNI.

Before the announcement for application of Rekalibrasi work permits (RTK), Malaysian authorities intensified the arrests of undocumented workers.

Ma Nyo, who has been living in Malaysia, said, "When authorities intensified the arrests of undocumented workers, their employers have to apply for work permits for them. Now, authorities have announced that they would issue work permits for illegal migrants the number of arrests of illegal migrants has decreased. Now, it has become difficult for workers who have overstayed their visas to find jobs because employers are liable to pay fines if they give jobs to overstaying workers. Now, if employers fail to apply for permits for their workers, their workers will be arrested and they will be fined."

A place to apply for the RTK work permits

Undocumented foreign workers including Myanmar national have been allowed to registered with authorities for application of the RTK work permits between 27th January and 31st December, according to the immigration authorities of Malaysia.

Undocumented workers from 15 countries who have passports and an employer who will give jobs to them have been allowed to apply for RTK work permits.

Although authorities have decreased the arrests of illegal migrant workers, those who are involved in commotions are subject to legal action. As a result, Myanmar national who have been living in Malaysia have urge illegal migrants to apply for work permits.

Hmwar Michael, a Malaysian resident, said, " We want those who have passports to apply for work permits. Although authorities have decreased the arrests of illegal migrants, they are required to apply for work permits because if they have all necessary documents, they are safer. Overstaying workers are subject to arrests at any time. Now, authorities have stopped detaining illegal migrants if they do not receive complaints. Only those who cause commotions or going out late at night in groups or play loud music at night are detained. I think their detention centres and camps have overcrowded with illegal migrants. There are only 11 camps here. There is no problems for those who live peacefully. It is good for illegal migrants to apply for work permits."

Malaysian authorities detaining illegal migrants

Myanmar nationals in Malaysia have urged overstaying migrants to apply for work permits.

Authorities have allowed illegal migrant workers to apply for RTK work permits for eight types of jobs and prohibited them from working in five sectors.

Illegal migrants are permitted for eight types of jobs including manufacturing, construction, mining and quarries, security guards, services, agriculture, plantation and house workers and domestic workers are permitted to work in Malaysia for the first time, according to a statement released by immigration authorities.

Five types of jobs have been prohibited for foreign workers including textile, goldsmith, barber, social welfare and recycling industries.

CNI News

25 Jan 2023

U Tin Nyunt, a representative from Shanni Solidarity Party, was murdered by unidentified gunman in Namma Township in Kachin State on 24th January.

He was shot to dead at a tea shop and motive behind murder was still unclear, an SSP representative told the CNI.

He said, "It was said that he was murdered at a tea ship at about 8 am and we haven't known the motive behind the murder. He was a social volunteer who was leading a simple life."

U Tin Nyunt represented the SSP for No (7) constituency of Kachin State of the upper house in the 2020 general election in which he lost.

Shanni nationals

The SSP was not available for comments over the murder.

An SSP representative said he might have been murdered because he had accompanied the teams to compile voters' lists.

He said, "As far as we know, he might have been killed for helping the teams to compile voters' lists because it was a sensitive issue across the country. It was said that he was shot at the head. Different people have different opinions on the issue."

The SAC has been compiling voters' list to hold elections in upcoming August since 9th January.

Resistance forces have been targeting ward administrators and team members for compiling voters' lists.

Before the 2015 elections, Ko Kan Set and Ko Tun Lwin from the Tailai (Shanni) National Development Party were murdered in Hpakant Township.

CNI News

25 Jan 2023

As Chinese tourists have started touring neighbouring countries, they are likely to visit Myanmar soon, according to the Myanmar Tour Entrepreneurs Association.

Recently, Chinese authorities have permitted their citizens to travel at home and abroad.

As direct flights between Mandalay and Guangzhou have resumed, Chinese tourists are likely to visit Yangon, Mandalay and Bagan in large numbers, Chairman U Naung Naung Han of the MTEA told the CNI.

He told the CNI, "There are a large number of travellers in China. Many Chineses people are enthusiastic about making outbound trips at present. It can be said that there is a great potential for the tourism industry in Myanmar. Chinese tourists have started travelling to neighbouring countries like Vietnam, Cambodia and Thailand. Myanmar will also get its market share and direct flights between Mandalay and Gaungzhou have resumed. Chinese airlines are operating direct flights to Mandalay while the MAI has resumed flights to China. The more flights the airlines operate to and fro China, the more Chinese tourists visit Myanmar. Chinese tourists are interested in Mandalay, jade and shopping. It is not surprising that Chinese tourists are interested in Mandalay bacause security and stability can be guaranteed there. More Chinese tourists will visit Mandalay and Yangon. As Chinese tourists do not stay for long in Myanmar, they do not travel to different destinations and usually visit Yangon, Mandalay and Bagan in large numbers.

Tourists on U Bein Bridge.

Although about 100,000 Chinese tourists visit Myanmar annually, Chinese tourist arrivals this year are not likely to hit that level because the number of flights between the two countries is still low and border gates have just reopened, according to tour entrepreneurs.

Tens of thausands of Chinese tourists are likely to visit Myanmar this year but it is an appropriate number of Chinese tourists Myanmar can handle comfortably, U Naung Naung Han added.

He said, "As we are reopening tourism based on the political situation and healthcare services available in the country, it is an appropriate number of Chinese tourists we can handle conveniently. Although China has permitted its citizens to travel at home and abroad, we cannot expect hundreds of thousands of Chinese tourists to visit Myanmar this year. For example, a flight can bring only about 150 or 200 passengers. Therefore, only a few thousands of Chinese tourists can visit Myanmar this year and it is an appropriate number of Chinese tourists we can handle in terms of healthcare services. If hundreds of thousands of Chinese tourists visited Myanmar, we would not be able to provide healthcare services during a health emergency because we don't have sufficient healthcare infrastructure. We still need to prepare for such scenarios."

Foreign tourists.

As only a few tourists from Eruope have visited Myanmar, hotels in Bagan will have to rely on Chinese tourists for about 50 percent of their operations, Chairman U Zaw Weik of the Myanmar Hoteliers Association (Bagan Zone) told the CNI.

He said, "If more flights are scheduled, Chinese tourists will visit Myanmar. As there are only a few European tourists, we will have to rely on Chinese tourists for 50 percent of our operations. Chinese tourists stay in Bagan at least one day. We are making preparations not only for Chinese tourists but also for tourists from other countries. Most hotels in Bagan except those who are still closed are making preparations for foreign tourists."

Chinese tourists accounted for the largest number of tourists in Myanmar but Thai tourists have surpassed them after the outbreak of COVID-19.

Currently, the number of Chinese tourists visiting Myanmar has risen above that of Thailand, according to tour operators.

CNI News

24 Jan 2023

What would happen next if elections could not be held as planned is the hotly debated question in the political circle.

The failure to hold elections in accordance with the 2008 constitution will make it null and void, Spokesperson Naing Than Shwe of the Mon Unity Party told the CNI.

He said, "If elections could not be held in accordance with the 2008 constitution, it might be abolished by staging a coup and a new constitution might be drafted. We cannot predict exactly what would happen next but the 2008 constitution would become null and void."

Snr Gen casts his vote

The SAC chairman promised to hold elections in the upcoming August and to transfer power to the winning party.

The SAC would hold the elections without fail as it was the only means for it to overcome the political crisis, Political Observer U Than Soe Naing told the CNI.

U Than Soe Naing told the CNI, "I reject the hypothesis that elections could not be held because the SAC will hold the elections without fail as it is the only way out for them from the crisis. However, the elections will not be free and fair. The elections will not be held properly. They will be fraudulent elections. So, I have never thought that elections could not be held. Even if elections should not be held, they would try to cling to power."

If elections could not be held, the 2008 constitution would become null and void, Kachin Politician U Kwan Gaung Aung Kham told the CNI.

He said, "Everything depends on the next move of the military. The state of emergency will end on 1st February in accordance with the 2008 constitution. Whether elections will be held or not depends only on the military. If they do not hold elections, the constitution will become null and void. Whether elections are held or not, there will be problems because they are the consequences of the coup.

A security checkpoint at an entrance to Nay Pyi Taw

Acting President Duwa Lashi La of the NUG said on 11th October, 2022 that the SAC assumed the 2023 elections would be the way out of the crisis for them and vowed to disrupt them without fail.

On the other hand, the SAC has been compiling voters' lists for the elections.

As a result, some immigration offices faced arson attacks.

CNI News

24 Jan 2023

Issuing certificates of identity to pink card holding Myanmar migrant workers bring benefits only to agents, Thailand-based labour activists told the CNI.

The CIs have been issued since 17th January and all migrant workers were required to apply for CIs by 13th February. However, Thai authorities extended the deadline until 15th May.

Illegal migrants are not eligible to apply for CIs and it is even difficult for pink card holders to apply for CIs because the process is very complicated. So, it is very difficult for workers to apply for CIs by themselves and they have to rely on agents. The requirement bring benefits only to agents, Labour Activist U Min Oo of the Foundation for Education and Development told the CNI.

He told the CNI, "It is very difficult for workers or their employers to apply for CIs by themselves or on behalf of their workers. Authorities ask for many other documents. No one has enough time to go to authorities three or four times. So, they have to rely on agents, who have already had connections with authorities. Agents give them a certain percentage of their agent fees. Pink cards alone cannot guarantee CIs. Workers are required to submit their E-workpiermits and blue booklets or E-work permit slips. Then, they have to make payment at 7/11 stores. The process is very complicated."

CIs holders

Thai authorities issued pink cards to about 600,000 illegal Myanmar migrant workers in August, 2022.

CIs are documents issued for illegal Myanmar migrant workers recognized by the two countries and pink card and work permit holders who do not have CIs are not allowed to work outside designated areas.

CI holders are permitted to work in the entire country in Thailand and to return home officially.

Thai and Myanmar governments are collecting fees for CIs for their revenues, Labour Activist Ko Thar Gyi, who has been helping Myanmar workers in Thailand, told the CNI.

He said, "Thai and Myanmar authorities are collecting CI fees from workers. About 99 percent of workers do not want to apply for CIs. Thai authorities should allow Myanmar migrants who have pink cards to stay and work in Thailand. However, they are exploiting Myanmars by using their authority.

 Myanmar migrants

Workers have to pay Baht 1010 ( about MMK for 100,000) to authorities for CIs. However, Myanmar workers actually have to pay as much as Baht 7,000 to 8,000 per person for CIs."

Some Myanmar migrant workers were forced to pay Baht 10,000 to agents and documents they received were sometimes fake ones.

CIs are valid for four years and they are issued in provinces such as Chiang Mai and Ranong and labour activists have urged authorities to make the application process easier for workers.